The development level of aviation precision manufacture technology has already become one of the important signs to weigh the comprehensive strength and the development of science and technology of the country. With the fast development of mechanical processing, electronics and electrics, automatic control and information techniques, the aviation precision manufacture technology, which is on the basis of these techniques, has made an unprecedented leap forward, new technologies, new processes and new products have been emerging. At the same time, with the increase of precision and performance in techniques and products, the demands for precision measurement of key parameters are growing. However, for devices in aviation manufacturing, many requirements cannot be met by the traditional measuring methods. The laser feedback effect is a phenomenon where the laser emitted from the laser is reflected or scattered by the surfaces of the targets and returns back into the laser cavity, modulating the intensity, polarization state, and the phase of the laser. In the precision measurement field, the laser feedback effect has the advantage as high sensitivity, which can measure noncooperative targets such as black, rough, cylindrical, micro or liquid targets; compact structure and easy alignment; high resolution and traceability to the laser wavelength. By using the laser feedback effect, precision measurement of aviation product can be carried out, realizing the precision locating and monitoring of real time working condition, which plays an irreplaceable role in improving the precision of aviation manufacturing and promoting the development of the industry.