The interconnection between the physical world and the information world in the aircraft assembly workshop has become the trend of aircraft assembly intellectualization. Digital twin is an effective technology to achieve interaction and integration between the physical world and the information world. This paper analyzes the development of the aircraft assembly shop-floor and expounds the characteristics and problems of the aircraft assembly shop-floor. On this basis, the framework of digital twin shop-floor for aircraft assembly, which covers the physical assembly shop-floor, the virtual assembly shop-floor, the twin data of the shop-floor and the assembly shop service system, is proposed. The key technologies such as real-time perception and acquisition of the physical assembly shop-floor data, modeling and simulation technology of virtual assembly shop-floor, digital twin and data-driven of the assembly production management and control are illustrated in detail. This study will provide reference for intelligent manufacturing in aviation industry.