The adhesive performance at the interface of metal/composite materials is typically assessed based on measures of interface strength and interface toughness. Exceptional interface strength ensures that the material remains free from delamination and cracking when subjected to stress loads, while excellent interface toughness enhances the energy dissipation during crack propagation. Investigations have revealed that increasing the adhesive contact area, enhancing the interface reactivity, and improving the wettability of the composite material can effectively enhance the interfacial bonding performance. Additionally, optimizing the size of interfacial nanoscale toughening particles to achieve mechanical interlocking effects, as well as designing ordered microstructures on metal surfaces to reduce interfacial stress and delay crack propagation, can significantly improve the interfacial strength and toughness in metal/composite material systems. Therefore, the latest progress in improving the interface bonding properties of metal/composite materials is described from three aspects: Interface strengthening, interface toughness and interface strengthening and toughening, and its future development trend is prospected.