In recent years, with the rapid development of aviation and marine industry, engine blades with the advantages of high temperature resistance, long life and corrosion resistance have become important parts of the development of a new generation of aero engines and turbine engines. Thermal barrier coating (TBCs) is a commonly used thermal protection technology to provide thermal insulation for the metal substrate of the engine blade part, protecting it from hot gases and corrosive media. But on the other hand, the higher operating temperature of the engine makes the blades and their surface TBCs suffer from serious environmental sediment corrosion, resulting in premature failure, and the corrosion types mainly include thermal corrosion, CMAS corrosion, molten salt corrosion, etc. Corrosion has become a problem that limits the operating temperature and service life of TBCs, and anti-corrosion protection is the focus of research in the field of TBCs. In this paper, the main characteristics of TBCs dominated by Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) are briefly described, and then the reaction mechanism of different corrosion of TBCs is briefly described, focusing on the influence relationship between coating microstructure design, gradient coating design, coating component modification and doping modification and coating corrosion, and the characteristics between TBCs modification method and coating corrosion are expounded. Several methods for future coating improvement and protection are proposed, and finally the application of TBCs in ultra-high temperature environment and the development direction of corrosion protection are prospected.