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2022 Vol. 65, No. 13
Published: 2022-07-01
FEATURE
FORUM
RESEARCH
COVER STORY
 
1 COVER
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 1-1 [Abstract] ( 62 ) HTMLNew PDF (1467 KB)  ( 55 )
6 CONTENTS
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 6-10 [Abstract] ( 67 ) HTMLNew PDF (396 KB)  ( 40 )
       FEATURE
14 Polishing Process and Progress of Calcium Fluoride
PENG Yunfeng，YANG Lei，LIU Xiaoyang
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.014
Calcium fluoride (CaF2) crystal is a very important optical crystal. It is widely used in optical instruments because of its high transmittance and good long-term radiation stability. Especially with the development of lithography technology to shorter wavelength, CaF2 has become the preferred material for extreme UV lithography objective. CaF2 is a typical brittle material with low fracture toughness. CaF2 optical surface is usually made by polishing, therefore, the polishing technology and process are very important. This paper summarizes the main machining methods, processes and research results of CaF2 , and introduces the ultra precision cutting and consolidated abrasive grinding methods involved in its rough machining stage; Paying more attention to ultra precision polishing, this paper comprehensively summarizes the principle and progress of float polishing, chemical mechanical polishing, fixed abrasive polishing, magnetorheological polishing, vibration assisted fixed abrasive polishing and ion-beam polishing, and the related processing methods mentioned are compared; Finally, the future development direction of CaF2 polishing technology is prospected. It aims to provide valuable reference for further research in the field of CaF2 processing.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 14-25 [Abstract] ( 365 ) HTMLNew PDF (14783 KB)  ( 436 )
       COVER STORY
26 On-Machine Measurement Technology and High Quality CNC Machining of Aero-Engine Difficult Machining Parts
WAN Neng,SHEN Peng，CHANG Zhiyong，WANG Zhan，FENG Yong
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.026
High machining accuracy, consistency and efficiency are important characteristics of high-quality machining. The difficult-to-machined parts of aero-engine are represented by casing, turbine disc and blisk. Due to the weak rigidity of workpiece, large cutting force and high precision requirement, they are difficult to realize high quality machining. Measurement in the CNC machine tool, also known as on-machine measurement, can automatically measure the workpiece clamped on the machine tool and find manufacturing characteristics of positioning deviation or processing error, and then carry out compensation processing. Therefore, the application of on-machine measurement technology can effectively improve the machining quality of aero-engine parts. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the difficult-to-machined parts of aero-engine, and the application scenarios and research hot spots of on-machine measurement technology are expounded. In further, the application principle of on-machine measurement technology in high quality machining of aero-engine is expounded. A case study is taken for the edge round of the tenon groove of turbine disc. The deviations of the edge are measured in the machine tool to realize the compensation processing of the edge round. By this way, the traditional processing is improved. Finally, the exploration direction of the on-machine measurement in the aero-engine fabrication is pointed out.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 26-34 [Abstract] ( 212 ) HTMLNew PDF (7190 KB)  ( 144 )
       FORUM
38 Status and Prospect of Aviation Drilling Robot
YUAN Peijiang，TAO Yining，FU Shuai，SU Feng，CHEN Dongdong，SHI Zhenyun
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.038
Aviation hole making is one of the important links of aircraft assembly. Aviation drilling robot has become a research hotspot in the field of aviation assembly because of its advantages of high efficiency, low cost and good stability. This review first divides the aviation drilling robots into three kinds, according to the different robot platforms, introduces the research and application status of aviation drilling robots at domestic and abroad, then the key technologies of aviation drilling robot at home and abroad are analyzed from four aspects: structural design, control algorithm, process control, visual calibration and detection, and finally looks forward to the development trend of aviation drilling robots in the future.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 38-47 [Abstract] ( 186 ) HTMLNew PDF (74809 KB)  ( 233 )
48 Research and Design of A Seven-Degree-of-Freedom Manipulator With Multi-Motor Coaxial Drive
FANG Lijin，XU Jiqian，GAO Yue，ZHAO Qiankun，GUO Cheng，QIAN Yian
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.048
Aiming at the shortcomings of the robot in the application of processing and assembly in the fields of precision and other aspects, a design scheme of a seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator with multi-motor coaxial drive is proposed. At the waist, shoulder and elbow joints of the robotic arm, a joint structure driven by a double motor coaxially is arranged. The anti-backlash control method and synchronous control method for coaxial drive of dual motors are proposed, and the transition conditions for smooth switching between the above two control algorithms are given. On the basis of the underlying control, the upper-level control system of the manipulator is built using ROS and EtherCAT bus technology. The experimental results show that the seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator system designed in this paper has certain advantages in accuracy and load capacity.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 48-55 [Abstract] ( 141 ) HTMLNew PDF (7196 KB)  ( 92 )
56 Experiment on Micro-Removal for Aluminum Clad of Aircraft Skin by Robotic Grinding
TIAN Fengjie，CHE Changlin，LI Xiaohui，LI Lun
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.056
In order to achieve good micro-removal grinding for aluminum clad of civil aircraft skin and solve the problems of low efficiency and quality with traditional manual grinding, the process of robotic grinding for aluminum clad was studied. According to Preston removal theory, the removal model of aluminum clad was established to analyze the influence of process parameters on the micro-removal of aluminum clad during grinding process. ABAQUS software was used to simulate the grinding process and the effects of grinding pressure, feed speed, abrasive grain and grinding speed on the removal depth were analyzed. A self-built robot grinding platform was used to design single factor experiments to verify the reliability of the model. The optimized process parameters were determined by orthogonal experiment to realize the control of micro-removal of aluminum clad. The results show that grinding pressure has a more influence on the removal depth, while abrasive particle size has a less effect on the removal depth. By controlling the grinding process parameters, the material can be uniformly removed at micron level and good surface quality can be obtained.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 56-62 [Abstract] ( 134 ) HTMLNew PDF (8679 KB)  ( 69 )
63 Research on Digital Tube Bending Technology Based on Industrial Robot
LIU Chunmei, ZHENG Shuo, GUO Wenfeng, HUANG Zushu, SUN Zhenbiao, GUO Xunzhong
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.063
As a new type of fully automatic tube processing technology, the digital bending forming technology is based on the current popular industrial robot platform and combined with the bending end device to realize the continuous forming of complex bending components. In this paper, according to the forming principle of digital bending technology, the parsing algorithm of forming process trajectory and motion of the tube bending robot was established, and a matching bending end device was designed and built, so that the bending robot can realize the digital bending process of tube. The method of combining finite element simulation and experiment is used to study the stress changes of the tube during the robot bending process, discuss the feeding function provided by the robot motion, and analyze the effect of this function on the forming quality of the bent tube. The results show that the built tube bending robot platform and the forming trajectory can realize continuous bending of tube. The increase of the maximum stress of bent tube is small. The active feeding of robot can effectively ameliorate the wall thickness reduction of bent tube. However, the active feeding also leads to the accumulation of material on the inner side of bent tube, making it more likely that wrinkle will occur during the experiment. Therefore, in the next research work, it is necessary to focus on the optimization of robot motion, bending speed and other bending parameters to reduce wrinkle defects.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 63-69 [Abstract] ( 187 ) HTMLNew PDF (7802 KB)  ( 98 )
70 Cooperative Robots Automatic Fiber Placement
CHEN Lixiao，FU Yun，ZHU Weidong
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.070
Cooperative robots automatic fiber placement is an effective method to improve the efficiency of fiber placement, which has attracted great attention from the aerospace industry. Firstly, the research status at home and abroad is introduced. Meanwhile, the key technology is summarized, including task assignment and motion planning. The factors affecting placement quality and efficiency are analyzed. The methods of location of fiber placement head and base coordinate calibration are introduced emphatically. The methods of precise planning of fiber laying path are summarized. Besides, the causes of defects in robot fiber placement are studied. The technique of defect detection on the surface of lay-up is discussed. The method of optimizing process is also described. Finally, the development trend of robotic automatic placement equipment to achieve more efficient placement is prospected.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 70-77 [Abstract] ( 156 ) HTMLNew PDF (14480 KB)  ( 187 )
       RESEARCH
78 Fast Inspection of Large-Scale Composite Honeycomb Sandwich Structures Using Automated X-Ray Digital Radiography Scanning Imaging Technique
ZHANG Qingle，LIU Songping，LIU Feifei
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.078
X-ray digital radiography detection method has been widely used in many fields of industrial production, and has become an important detection method of composite honeycomb sandwich structure. For large composite honeycomb sandwich structure, it is necessary to improve the detection efficiency of X-ray digital radiography. According to the characteristics and detection requirements of large composite honeycomb sandwich structure, an automated scanning imaging detection method of X-ray digital imaging was proposed, and the design characteristics and parameter selection of key units of the automated scanning detection system for large composite honeycomb sandwich structure were introduced. Using the developed X-ray digital imaging automatic scanning detection equipment, the determined detection parameters and the actually designed and prepared large honeycomb sandwich structure, a series of testing experiments were carried out. The experimental and practical application results show that the X-ray digital imaging automatic scanning detection method can realize the rapid visual detection of large honeycomb sandwich structure, the detection resolution can reach 3.2 LP/mm, and obtain a good detection effect.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 78-83 [Abstract] ( 117 ) HTMLNew PDF (3678 KB)  ( 471 )
84 Application Progress on Manufacturing Technology of Composite Fan Blades for Aero-Engine
ZHOU He，LI Xiaobing，ZHANG Ting，LI Xiaoqiang，LI Dongsheng，FENG Jinzhang
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.084
In order to reduce the weight and pursue a higher culmination ratio of large culmination ratio commercial turbofan engines, the use of composite fan blades has become the trend today. The development and application of composite fan blade are introduced, and the material application, mold design and main manufacturing process of blade are summarized, including prepreg hand lay-up/autoclave process, automatic fiber placement process/autoclave process, 3D-woven carbon fiber reinforced resin transfer molding (RTM). At the same time, the mold material selection and structural design of Hexcel, Snecma, Rolls-Royce and other foreign companies' composite fan blades are introduced respectively, and the characteristics of the three manufacturing processes are compared and analyzed. Finally, the key technologies for manufacturing composite fan blades are summarized, and it is pointed out that the manufacturing technology of composite fan blades is now developing towards the trend of mixed material forms, automation and selfadaption of manufacturing processes, diversification of tooling materials.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 84-91 [Abstract] ( 200 ) HTMLNew PDF (14151 KB)  ( 282 )
92 Research Progress on Detection Technology for Film Cooling Holes and Coating Defects of Turbine Blades
XIA Kailong，GE Chao，WANG Qiutong，HE Qing
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.092
In order to meet the long-life and high-reliability requirements of modern gas turbine engines, the development trend of high-performance turbine blades is presented as integrated designing and manufacturing of film cooling structure and thermal barrier coating for thermal protection. However, the gas film structure and its cooling efficiency could be affected by the microstructure defects produced in the process of film holes preparation and the dimensional deviations caused by the coating. The progress of coating first will also cause local sintering or even cracking of the coating, with femtosecond laser drilling afterwards. During blade service, due to the temperature gradient and edge effects, the stress concentration of coating on the edge is more easily occurred, leading to the initiation and expansion of cracks, which becomes the weakness of failure. At present, traditional measurement methods, including the plug gauge method, flow method, and microprobe method, cannot effectively evaluate the geometric parameters, shape characteristics and processing defects of the film holes. Among the various non-destructive testing methods applied to evaluate the quality of blades and coatings, active infrared thermography is qualified of the advantages of high-speed, versatility and effective quality control. In this paper, a high-efficiency and high-precision parameters measurement and defect evaluation methods for alloy and coatings around the holes are reviewed in conjunction with traditional non-destructive testing methods and the development of common air-cooling structures and their preparation processes are discussed. The research progress of the application of active infrared thermal imaging technology in the evaluation of film cooling holes is enumerated in detail. At the same time, the article summarizes the deficiency and the development orientation of the current technology, which is of great significance for improving the processing quality control level of the gas cooling structures and film holes.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 92-104 [Abstract] ( 152 ) HTMLNew PDF (6603 KB)  ( 1311 )
105 Study on Anti-Loosening Performance of Different Gasket Structures Based on Vibration
GAO Xuemin，SHI Dapeng，FENG Shaowei，GUAN Yue，YAN Lu，YANG Dongmei
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.105
The anti-loosening performance of fasteners for a certain type of aerospace under different gasket structures is analyzed. Taking the fasteners of M16 specification as the research object, the influence of different gasket structures on the anti-loosening performance, friction coefficient of support surface, friction coefficient of thread and clamp force and the corresponding variation of M16 fasteners under the actual installation environment of a certain type of spaceflight are studied. The results show that: under the same assembly conditions, the coefficient of friction between bearing surface changes greatly due to the different gasket structures, and there is a great difference in the axial clamp force under the same tightening torque. The anti-loosening performance of NordLock gasket and double-sided oblique gear gasket is best. Although the combination of flat gasket and spring gasket has a certain anti-loosening ability, the failure probability is high. However the anti-loosening performance flat gasket and HS gasket is the worst.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 105-109 [Abstract] ( 109 ) HTMLNew PDF (11340 KB)  ( 89 )
110 Research Development on Low-Cost Ceramic-Matrix Composites by Polymer Infltration Pyrolysis
ZHANG Xizhi, CUI Hong, HU Yang, DENG Hongbing
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2022.13.110
Polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) is widely used in the preparation of ceramic matrix composite because of its simple process, and being adopted to mold complex components in clear dimension. However, its precursor has complicated synthetic process, with low ceramic yield, high price, resulting in the long producing cycle and high cost of PIP, which handicaps the development and engineering application of PIP. This paper reviews the low-cost production of ceramic matrix composite from two perspectives: The low-cost research and development of ceramic precursor, and the efficient densification process.
2022 Vol. 65 (13): 110-116 [Abstract] ( 175 ) HTMLNew PDF (3380 KB)  ( 601 )
  Notices
· 'Aeronautical Manufacturing technology ' is included in EI database
· China Science Citation Database (CSCD)
· Chinese S&T Journal Citation Reports (CJCR)
· World Journal Clout Index (WJCI) Report of Scientific and Technological Periodicals
· Supported in China Science and Technology Journal Excellence Action Plan
· Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology ranked No. 3 in Chinese S&T Journal Citation Reports (CJCR)
· High Quality Sci-tech Journal Classification Catalogue in Aerospace Field （2023）
· A Guide to the Core Journals of China (hosted by Peking University Library)
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