Stainless steel is widely used in aerospace, energy development and other fields for its good mechanical properties, but its hardness and wear resistance is lower. In this study, 316L stainless steel is treated by electro-pulsing combining laser shock peening (EP-LSP) and laser shock peening (LSP), respectively. The effects of different processes on micro-hardness, surface morphology, friction and wear were investigated. The micro-hardness of the samples treated with LSP and EP-LSP was respectively increased by 26.1% and 38.3%, compared with the as-built samples. The wear rate of the samples treated with LSP and EP-LSP is reduced by 12.3% and 30.0% under the same friction conditions. The original samples mainly have adhesive and fatigue wear, the LSP and EP-LSP samples mainly have abrasive wear, and the furrow of EP-LSP samples is small and shallow. The current density of the EP-LSP sample increases gradually when the potential exceeds 1.1 V, which is larger than 0.4 V of the original sample and 0.7 V of the LSP sample, indicating that the passivated area of the EP-LSP sample is the largest and the corrosion resistance is the best.