The fuselage panel is an important component of aircraft. Assembly process of fuselage panel directly affects aircraft aerodynamics and aircraft life. In this paper, the application process of automatic drilling and riveting technology on fuselage panel is briefly analyzed. First of all, the assembly process of fuselage panel was studied; then the structure and working principle of automatic drilling and riveting machine were analyzed, and the automatic drilling and riveting machine oriented flexible fixture was designed; finally, on-line measurement technology in the process of drilling and riveting was analyzed, and automatic drilling and riveting process of fuselage panel was simulated.