Aluminum alloys are widely used in areas of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, etc., due to their low density, high strength and corrosion resistance. However, the welding of aluminum alloys is a challenge in manufacturing fields, in which, traditional welding methods have problems such as high heat input and serious deformation. In recent years, laser–arc hybrid welding technology, which combines the advantages of laser welding and arc welding, has become an important method to solve the problems existed in aluminum alloy welding. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of laser–arc hybrid welding for aluminum alloys. Synergistic mechanism and technology advantages of laser–arc hybrid welding are introduced; welding structure and mechanical properties and their influencing factors are analyzed; solutions to a series of problems existed in hybrid welding joint are summarized. Finally, the development directions and application prospects of the laser–arc hybrid welding technology are expected, including automatic and intelligent development, new protective gas and welding filling materials and novel applications of laser–arc hybrid welding technology.