Three-dimensional woven composites are a new-generation strategic materials that have been widely used in aerospace, national defense and other important fields due to their advantages of good overall structure performance, excellent interlayer performance and low preparation cost. The composites can be used as structural materials to bear load as well as functional materials to be applied in the abovementioned areas. Therefore, fabrication and corresponding mechanical property prediction of the composite are crucial for their future application. In this study, a new three-dimensional woven structure (multilayer–multiaxial interlock structure) was studied, tensile and in-plane shear tests of its composite material in two directions of 0° and 90° were carried out. By establishing a geometric single-cell model and selecting reasonable boundary conditions, stiffness prediction was carried out and compared with the experimental results. The results show that difference between the simulated value and experimental value of modulus of elasticity in the 0° direction is 1.73 GPa, difference in the 90° direction is 1.76 GPa, and the maximum error in both directions does not exceed 5%. The difference between the simulated value and experimental value of inplane shear modulus is 1.47 GPa and difference in Poisson’s ratio is 0.01, which is basically the same. The results indicate that modulus of elasticity predicted by the finite element simulation agrees well with the actual experimental values. This study provides
references in terms of preparation of three-dimensional woven composites, data and experiment support for related studies.