Fiber winding composites are widely used in high-tech fields such as aerospace due to their excellent specific strength and good designability. However, current domestic research on fiber winding molding technology is mostly focused on winding theory and CAD/CAM software, and the development of online virtual simulation technology for fiber winding is still in its early stages. This study proposed a new calculation method to display the fiber trajectory in the fiber winding process in real-time by establishing a virtual mapping of the physical machine tool through OpenGL. The link between the virtual machine tool and the physical machine tool was established via the Modbus TCP protocol to enable real-time monitoring of key parameters in the fiber winding process. In addition, bi-directional data exchange between the virtual machine tool and the physical machine tool, as well as control of some operation commands, was achieved through the NC-API interface provided by the Huazhong 9 CNC system. The winding experiments show that the fiber winding virtual simulation system developed based on digital twin technology can complete the real-time motion simulation of the fiber winding process, the monitoring of key parameters of the winding process and the direct control of the winding process. This study has completed the functional requirements of remote monitoring and remote control of the fiber winding process.