The tasks of docking the aircraft wing parts and finishing holes have difficulties such as the quality of the assembly object, the number of finishing holes required, and the need for processing at the assembly site. In order to solve the above problems, a docking and finishing system for large aircraft parts is designed. Under the positioning of the digital measurement system, the AGV platform loads and transports the large parts of aircraft wing, and cooperates with the posture positioning system to perform the posture adjustment and docking of the wing and the fuselage, and the hole finishing system finishing the holes. After experimental verification, the positioning error of the system is less than 0.1% of the stroke, and the dimensional accuracy of the finished hole meets the IT7 accuracy. In the large-scale hole finishing, it takes 36 h for docking and finishing a total of 150 holes, which confirms the feasibility of deploying in the actual production line.