In this paper, the finite element simulation of the influence of abrasive grain spacing and workpiece material properties on workpiece surface temperature in grinding process is carried out. The results show that the surface temperature of workpiece increases gradually during grinding process; in the grinding process, the workpiece surface temperature in single abrasive grinding is lower than that in multi-abrasive grinding and the increase with time is smaller; the larger the distance between the abrasive grains, the lower the surface temperature and the smaller the change rate with the grinding process; when the thermal conductivity is greater than 1 W/(m·K), the temperature decreases with the increase of thermal conductivity no longer obvious; the effect of specific heat capacity and density of workpiece on grinding temperature is similar. The surface temperature of workpiece decreases with increasing specific heat and density. When the specific heat capacity is greater than 200 J/(kg·℃) and the density is larger than 4000 kg/m3, the decreasing trend of the surface temperature of the workpiece with the increase of specific heat capacity and density is no longer obvious, and the increasing speed of the temperature with time is reduced.