摘要综述分析了连续纤维增强热固性复合材料 3D 打印研究的发展现状与技术瓶颈，并基于前期试验基础，提出了两步式 3D 打印解决方案，包括“纤维预浸及打印成型”与“预成型体热后固化”。3D 打印制备了连续碳纤维（CCF）增强热固性环氧树脂（EP）复合材料样件，并通过力学测试发现，其拉伸强度及模量分别达到（1257±71）MPa 和（96±11）GPa ；弯曲强度及模量分别达到（965±80）MPa 和（75±7）GPa ；层间剪切强度达到（92±3）MPa。详细讨论了 3D 打印 CCF/EP 样件的纤维 – 树脂界面、分布以及孔隙缺陷。此外，还展示了多种连续纤维增强的 3D 打印复杂结构件，以验证其工艺可行性。最后，基于高导电性 3D 打印 CCF/EP 栅格，提出了其在电热除冰领域的应用尝试，并进行了人工模拟除冰试验探索。这些结果为通过 3D 打印数字化制造高性能热固性复合材料铺平了道路，并证明了其在先进工业应用中的巨大潜力。
Abstract：The development status and technical bottlenecks of 3D printed continuous fiber-reinforced thermosetting composites were reviewed in this paper. Based on the preliminary experimental research, a two-step 3D printing solution was proposed, including fiber impregnation and printing, and post-curing. The continuous carbon fiber (CCF) reinforced thermosetting epoxy (EP) samples were prepared by 3D printing. The mechanical test results show that the tensile strength and modulus of 3D printed CCF/EP samples were (1257±71) MPa and (96±11) GPa, respectively; the flexural strength and modulus were (965±80) MPa and (75±7) GPa, respectively; the interlaminar shear strength was (92±3) MPa. The microscopic fiber-resin bonding, distribution, and internal void defects were also discussed. Furthermore, complex structures reinforced by different fibers were fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility and generality of the proposed technique. Finally, the application prospect of 3D printed CCF/EP mesh in the field of self-heating and deicing was explored. These results pave the way for the digital manufacturing of high-performance thermosetting composites through 3D printing and demonstrate their great potential in advanced industrial applications.
2021, 
