The design of support layout for thin-walled composite components is an important method to suppress the vibration and deformation of their processing. However, most of the support layout optimization process only considers single vibration or deformation, and ignores influence of suction cup adsorption on the workpiece, which causes deviations from the actual working conditions. In this paper, a particle swarm optimization algorithm+finite element fusion-driven optimization method for support layout of the thin-walled components is proposed, which comprehensively considers adsorption deformation of the workpiece, effective separation of natural frequency of the workpiece and excitation frequency of the tool after supporting, and the additional auxiliary support, so as to optimize numbers and positions of the support points on the premise that the maximum deformation meets the requirements. Firstly, the support points were increased successively at the maximum deformation until the deformation requirements were met, then the support points were increased at the maximum amplitude of the vibration mode corresponding to the natural frequency that was easy to generate resonance, until the frequency requirements were met, thereafter the optimization algorithm was used to find the minimum number of support points and optimize the support layout on this basis. The results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce numbers of support points on the premise of ensuring the frequency and deformation requirements.