The Fe-based alloy/B₄C composite coating prepared by electron beam recladding has the disadvantages of residual stress, uneven distribution of hard phase and high brittleness. In order to further improve the comprehensive properties of the composite coating, the effects of different quenching temperatures and low temperature tempering on the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the coating were studied. The results show that the morphology of the hard phases change from the parallel lamellar M₂B phase to the rounded rod-like structure, and the surrounding entangled network M₂₃(C, B)₆ phase is dissociated and spheroidized into a granular structure after quenching at 950/1000/1050/1100 ℃ and tempering at 200 ℃. XRD analysis show that the residual stress of the recladding composite coating is effectively eliminated after heat treatment process, and the category of the phases remained unchanged. After heat treatment, the average microhardness of the coating shows a trend from increase to decrease with the increase of quenching temperature, and the hardness reaches the highest value of 970.9HV_0.1 when quenched at 1050 ℃ and tempered at 200 ℃ . The wear weight loss of the composite coating quenched at 1050 ℃ and tempered at 200 ℃ reaches a minimum value of 0.10961 g, which is 18.7% lower than that of the composite coating without heat treatment. The wear morphology of the coating surface shows furrows, white spots and strip wear marks, and the wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear.