The magnetic grinding processing technology can adaptively grind and process complex free-form surfaces because its processing tool is a flexible magnetic particle brush. In order to improve the processing efficiency of magnetic grinding, introducing ultrasonic vibration and changing the shape of the magnetic pole, the ultrasonic vibration assisted magnetic grinding system is established; the selection of magnetic field source and the basic idea of magnetic pole shape optimization design are discussed; through theoretical analysis and experimental results, introducing ultrasonic vibration excitation can increase the instantaneous grinding pressure of magnetic abrasive particles and improve the material removal rate to achieve synergistic effect. Changing the shape of the magnetic pole can introduce the rate of change of the magnetic field strength and promote the abrasive cutting edge. Self-renewal to improve surface quality. The above comprehensive effects can improve the efficiency of magnetic grinding processing and the grinding quality of the workpiece surface.