Corrosion fatigue is a necessary stage for the high strength aluminum alloy of aircraft in service, and it is the key to assess the life and reliability of aircraft structure. The development process of high strength aluminum alloy of aircraft was briefly introduced here. Meanwhile the important factor and key technology on environment simulation for corrosion fatigue were analyzed. The corrosion fatigue crack initiation mechanism model and extension mechanism model of high strength aluminum alloy were summarized. The difficult and emphatic point on corrosion fatigue in future research was pointed out scientifically. This is the basis for corrosion fatigue of high strength aluminum alloy to carry out the test, explore the mechanism and apply on engineering.