The effect of grinding process on grinding affected layer is studied by using full factorial test. Considering residual stress, hardness, retained austenite, white layer and dark layer as research target, and selected grinding parameter. Meanwhile the effect of grinding parameter on grinding efficiency and grinding accuracy is considered. Experiments showed that the effect of wheel speed on residual stress, white layer and dark layer is very great. The effect of wheel speed on hardness and retained austenite is little. 9000r/min wheel speed leads to white layer and higher tensile residual stress. Best grinding parameter of grinding process is selected at last. This paper is of great significance for engineering guidance.