With the rapid development of advanced aircraft manufacturing technology, higher requirements are put forward for the design and manufacturing of aircraft structural parts. In order to meet the needs of flexible and automated manufacturing of structural parts in aircraft manufacturing industry, foreign advanced aviation manufacturing enterprises have started the production mode of aircraft structural parts represented by automated production lines. Therefore, this paper summarizes the processing mode of the three-coordinate production line of small and medium-sized aircraft structural parts, and studies the key technologies of the production line for aircraft structural parts processing technology, numerical control programming and measurement etc, which will be applied in the processing of typical structural parts, aiming to verify the feasibility of the key technologies, improve the production efficiency and product quality of aviation manufacturing enterprises, reduce the waste of resources and save costs. Then finally realizing the manufacturing mode of aircraft structural parts production line and playing an important role in improving the overall level of aviation manufacturing technology.