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2020 Vol. 63, No. 17
Published: 2020-09-01
FEATURE
FORUM
RESEARCH
C0NTENTS
COVER STORY
APPROACHING SCIENCE
 
       FEATURE
14 A Method for Restraining Axial Force in Process of Helical Milling of CFRP
DONG Zhigang, ZHANG Bo, KANG Renke, YANG Guolin, BAO Yan
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.014
In the process of helical milling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), defects such as delamination, tearing and burr at the hole making outlet are caused by excessive axial force produced by the end edge of the tool. In order to reduce the axial force in the helical milling of CFRP, the relationship between the tool end backlash angle and the undeformed chip was analyzed based on the kinematic principle, thus a method was proposed to make the center area with low cutting line speed not participate in the cutting. Furthermore, the condition that the tool center does not participate in cutting was deduced, and the shape of undeformed chip under different combination of end backlash angle and lead is simulated. Finally, the helical milling test was carried out on CFRP. The results show that by increasing the tool end backlash angle and reducing the lead, the center area of the end edge in the helical milling can do not participate in the cutting, so as to reduce the axial force in the helical milling of CFRP effectively.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 14-20 [Abstract] ( 254 ) HTMLNew PDF (13733 KB)  ( 117 )
       COVER STORY
22 Research Progress of Low Infrared Emissivity Coating Materials for High-Temperature Applications
LI Enbo, GAO Yuanming,ZHANG Peng,YAN Shufang,BAI Yu,MA Wen
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.022
The infrared stealth performance of military aircraft is seriously affected by the high temperature conditions. It is important to develop the low infrared emissivity coating materials used for high temperature conditions. In view of the current research situation of low infrared emissivity surface materials for high temperature, the characteristic and development about several low infrared materials including metal surface materials, inorganic oxide surface materials and photonic crystal surface materials were introduced. At present, there is still a big gap in the practical application of low infrared radiation materials in improving the heat resistance and reducing the infrared radiation rate of materials. It is necessary to carry out the further research on the theoretical basis, preparation method, the balance between heat resistance and infrared radiation in future.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 22-28 [Abstract] ( 322 ) HTMLNew PDF (6711 KB)  ( 686 )
       FORUM
32 Experimental Study on Surface Integrity and Fatigue Performance of Dissimilar Material Stack-Structured Holes Manufactured by Different Processing Method
DONG Zhipeng,WANG Yanli,YAO Liangliang,YANG Fan,LIU Wei
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.032
In order to study the effect of the dissimilar material stack-structure on the surface integrity and fatigue properties of holes, under the stacked condition, ϕ8.36mm holes were prepared by different processes, such as drilling & reaming, burnishing, and split sleeve cold expansion (SSCX). The surface morphology, surface roughness, residual stress and microstructure were investigated. Fatigue test and fracture surface analysis were performed. The results show that burnishing forms obvious material pile-up at the end of the interlayer hole and introduces circle-shaped micro-crack around the 7B04–T6 hole, while SSCX imparts micro-crack in the region corresponding to sleeve split. Under fatigue loading conditions in present paper, burnishing increases the fatigue life (99.9% survival rate, 95% confidence) of 7B04–T6 and TA15 hole structures by 0.01 times and 0.63 times, and SSCX with interference value of A increases that of 7B04–T6 hole by 3.25 times but reduces that of TA15 holes, while SSCX with interference value of B increases that of 7B04–T6 and TA15 by 18 times and 3.30 times, respectively. The fatigue sources of the three types of hole all originate from the hole wall or corner, and never start from the micro cracks of cold expansion or burnishing
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 32-39/75 [Abstract] ( 186 ) HTMLNew PDF (7937 KB)  ( 97 )
40 Effects of Nitrogen Ion Implantation Parameters on Adhesion of WC–DLC Coatings to 9310 Steel
LUO Yang,RAN Biao,TANG Menglan,YANG Zhao,XIE Huanjun,LIU Hui,LI Liuhe
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.040
When the WC–DLC films were applied to the surface of 9310 steel by physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology, the film was prone to split off due to the internal stress of the DLC coatings and the mechanical property differences between the steel matrix and the film. Ion implantation pretreatment on the gear steel surface is one of the methods to enhance coating adhesion to the substrate. In this paper, the effects of different nitrogen ion implantation time and implantation voltage on the substrate surface hardness, coating adhesion and tribological properties were investigated. It was found that the implantation voltage increased from 10kV to 20kV, the hardness of the 9310 steel surface increased from 7.34GPa to 8.36GPa, the adhesion of the coatings to substrate increased from 39.9N to 49.3N, the surface friction coefficient of the film decreased from 0.161 to 0.119, and the wear depth of the tribology test decreased from 2.39 to 2.03, respectively. When the implantation time increased from 1h to 3h, the hardness of the 9310 steel surface increased from 7.06GPa to 8.84GPa, the adhesion increased from 34.1N to 49.9N, the surface friction coefficient of the film decreased from 0.161 to 0.118, and the friction depth of the film tribology test decreased from 2.48 to 1.99, respectively
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 40-46 [Abstract] ( 179 ) HTMLNew PDF (18846 KB)  ( 79 )
47 Stress Field Characteristics and Finite Element Analysis of Typical Pore Structures Caused by Laser Shock Peening
LUO Maozhong,CAO Ziwen,DAI Junyi,ZHOU Wenlong,FU Xuesong
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.047
The distribution characteristics of the residual stress field caused by laser shock peening (LSP) were studied in TB6 pore structure. The finite element model of LSP was established by ABAQUS finite element software. The constant explicit damping method was used to analyze the influence of process parameters such as LSP angle, lap length and shock number on the residual stress field of the pore structure, and compared with the experimental test results. The results show that the LSP angle has an important influence on the residual stress value at the pore inner wall. The residual stress value increases with the increase of the LSP angle. The overlapping rate has no obvious effect on the stress state of the pore angle. As the number of shock increases, the residual stress also increases, but it will gradually become saturated. Finite element results including the residual stress value and evolution trend caused by LSP have a good agreement with the experimental test results.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 47-53 [Abstract] ( 172 ) HTMLNew PDF (11450 KB)  ( 98 )
61 Research Progress on Electrospark Deposition Technology and Its Application in Aeronautical Manufacturing
JI Xianda, LIAN Yong, LIU Chang, ZHANG Jin
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.061
As a new surface treatment technology, electrospark deposition (ESD) has the advantages of small heat input, small thermal impact and deformation on the substrate, good bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. And the deposition coating do not easy to peel off, which has been widely applied in aerospace, military and other industries to strengthen the surface of parts, as well as repair the surface of failed parts. The principle and characteristics of ESD technology were introduced. The domestic and foreign development of ESD technology in recent years was summarized. The application of ESD technology in the field of aeronautical manufacturing was analyzed. By considering the existing problem of the current ESD deposition technologies, suggestions on accelerating its research and development were proposed.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 61-70 [Abstract] ( 211 ) HTMLNew PDF (26112 KB)  ( 118 )
71 Effect of Laser Shock Peening on Gas Carburizing for 18CrNiMo7–6 Gear Steel
MIAO Xiaoji,SONG Lu,MA Heng, GU Xiaoming,SUN Fei, HU Jing
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.071
18CrNiMo7–6 gear steel was selected as the material and laser shock peening was primarily used as a pretreatment prior to gas carburizing, the aim of which is to improve the efficiency and further enhance the properties after gas carburizing. Optical microscope, surface roughness tester and Vickers micro-hardness tester were used to investigate the surface characteristics after laser shock peening and gas carburizing. The results show that under the same gas carburizing process of 910℃+4h, gas carburizing efficiency can be effectively enhanced by the pretreatment of laser shock peening, the carburizing layer increases from 1.24mm to 1.49mm, and the carburizing efficiency increases by around 20%. At the same time, the surface hardness is increased from 680HV0.05 to 700HV0.05. Especially, laser shock pretreatment can make the cross sectional hardness gradient decreased gentlely, thus enhance the bonding force between carburized layer and matrix. The mechanism why laser shock peening has significant effect on gas carburizing is as below: the surface rough increases from 0.12μm to 0.57μm, a deformation layer with thickness of about 220μm was formed after laser shock peening, and with much finer grain size. All the above factors are beneficial for absorption and diffusion inward of carbon atoms.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 71-75 [Abstract] ( 152 ) HTMLNew PDF (4939 KB)  ( 407 )
       APPROACHING SCIENCE
76 Basing on Innovation of Science and Technology, Opening up Application Fields, Rooting in Industrial Areas, Pushing on Collaborative Development
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 76-77 [Abstract] ( 155 ) HTMLNew PDF (940 KB)  ( 214 )
       RESEARCH
78 Robot Positioning Error Compensation Method Based on Deep Neural Network
HUA Fangfang, TIAN Wei, HU Junshan, LI Bo, PU Yuxiao
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.078
Industrial robots are widely used in intelligent manufacturing industry because of their high efficiency and low cost, but their low absolute positioning accuracy limits their application in the field of high-precision manufacturing. To improve the absolute positioning accuracy of robot and solve the traditional complex error modeling problems, a robot positioning error compensation method based on deep neural network is proposed. Firstly, the Latin hypercube sampling planning is carried out in Cartesian space, and the influence rule of target attitude on error is obtained. Then, positioning error prediction model based on GPSO–DNN is established to realize the prediction and compensation of the error. Finally, to verify the correctness and superiority of the method, other error compensation models are used to compare with it. The experimental results show that the positioning error compensation method based on GPSO–DNN has the highest compensation accuracy. The positioning error is reduced from 1.529mm before compensation to 0.343mm, and the accuracy is increased by 77.57%. This method can effectively compensate the positioning error of the robot and greatly improve the positioning accuracy of the robot.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 78-85 [Abstract] ( 227 ) HTMLNew PDF (3682 KB)  ( 590 )
86 Experimental Study on Nomex Honeycomb Sandwich Structure Subjected to Out-of-Plane Compression Load
LIU Yue,LIU Wei,HUA Zhou,GAO Weicheng
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.086
In this paper, the post buckling load-bearing characteristics and failure mechanism of Nomex honeycomb sandwich structures with different heights were studied by experimental method. Combined with the failure process analysis of honeycomb sandwich structures, it is found that the collapse of Nomex honeycomb cells is caused by local buckling, accompanied by the instability phenomenon of the whole buckling. The collapse process is a non-linear movement process. The residual strength of honeycomb cells after collapse reflects the post buckling capacity of the honeycomb structure. The residual strength of Nomex honeycomb is about 45%–46% of the ultimate strength. It is found that the energy absorption rate of sandwich structure with honeycomb height of 6mm is higher than that of sandwich structure with honeycomb height of 8mm. This study can provide a good basis for the optimal design of honeycomb sandwich structure.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 86-91 [Abstract] ( 194 ) HTMLNew PDF (17205 KB)  ( 84 )
92 Research on Torsion-Tension Relationship of TC4 Material Fastener With Different Head-Type
GAO Xuemin,CHENG Quanshi，MI Baowei,FENG Derong,YUAN Hao
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.092
The relation between the tightening torque and preload of the fastener used in a certain aviation application was analyzed. Taking MJ8 multiplied by 1 size titanium fastener as the research object, this article focused on the influence and corresponding change law of different head-type fastener and tightening times when the titanium alloy fastener is under actual installation environment of aviation and aerospace model. The following results are acquired: The preload of the bolt reached 5%–35%Fmax (Fmax means the required minimum tension load of the bolt), with all other elements, such as thread accuracy level and the property level, etc, stayed the same except the head-type, for the headtype fastener with larger loading area on the bolt head, the generated end face friction torque is larger, and the required tightening torque is also larger to reach the same preload. The needed install moment and torsion modulus are all increased in the same bolt stress level with the addition of the install times.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 92-97 [Abstract] ( 216 ) HTMLNew PDF (2478 KB)  ( 268 )
98 Development of Multi-Station Synchronous Wire Cut Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) Machine
SU Guokang, LI Haicheng,LIN Li,LI Junfei,ZHANG Yongjun
DOI: 10.16080/j.issn1671-833x.2020.17.098
 In the field of civil and military industry, there are many annular parts that need to be cut into several blocks, but the existing wire cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) methods have problems of low efficiency and high internal stress. In this paper, a circular multi-station synchronous WEDM machine tool is invented and manufactured, in which an electrode wire is used to cut the annular parts synchronously in different positions of the machine tool. In this paper, the overall structure design, the development of power supply and control system are introduced, and the preliminary process experiments are carried out, which prove the feasibility of machine tools.
2020 Vol. 63 (17): 98-101 [Abstract] ( 200 ) HTMLNew PDF (4594 KB)  ( 240 )
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