In this paper, the damage forms and failure mechanisms of two kinds of composite materials, aramid fibres and glass fibres, used for the casing containment ring under different impact energy are investigated through lowspeed impact tests. The test results show that when the impact energy is 36 J, the energy absorption capacity of aramid fibre and glass fibre composites is similar, and the damage of the two kinds of composites is dominated by matrix cracking. When the impact energy is increased to 117 J, the failure forms of the composites are mainly in the form of fibre tensile fracture and delamination damage, and the aramid fibre composites show better energy-absorbing ability through fibre fracture and delamination under high energy impact.