Incremental forming technology, characterized by considerable flexibility, has emerged as a significant development in the domain of sheet metal forming. Nonetheless, single-point incremental forming (SPIF) encounters significant challenges, including limitations in forming precision, quality, and degrees of freedom. The double-sided incremental forming (DSIF) technology, facilitated by the coordinated motion of master and slave toolheads, effectively addresses the shortcomings of SPIF and is particularly well-suited for the manufacturing of curved, thin-walled, and complex-shaped aerospace components. This study systematically reviews the research framework pertaining to this technology, concentrating on three essential directions: equipment development, process parameter optimization, and defect control. The current technological development status is comprehensively analyzed from the perspectives of multiaxis trajectory planning, closed-loop feedback control, forming tool head types, and multi-physics coupling. The results indicate that DSIF significantly improves forming accuracy. Nonetheless, technical bottlenecks still exist in the coupling mechanism of high-degree-of-freedom tool heads, quality consistency of complex curved surface parts, and the loading of auxiliary energy fields such as magnetic, thermal, and ultrasonic fields. Future research should integrate technologies such as digital twin to establish intelligent closed-loop control systems, thereby driving equipment toward higher precision and intelligence. Furthermore, the exploration of integrated automated production lines that combine incremental forming with additive/subtractive manufacturing is expected to provide new paradigms for the fabrication of complex curved components.