The radiation/receiving front end of active radio frequency (RF) systems such as phased array radars often needs to be equipped with the radome or electromagnetic (EM) window. As the typical structure-function integrated device, it protects systems’ internal structure from the external environment, and ensures EM waves can efficiently transmit in the working frequency band to ensure RF systems normally operate. Due to the need of sufficient stiffness and strength, the permittivity of radomes and EM windows is generally large, which is easy to reduce the wave-transparent performance and increase the insertion phase shift. Therefore, under the background that traditional technologies are gradually difficult to meet practical applications, it is urgent to explore EM anti-reflection (AR) technologies based on the new mechanism to improve the wave-transparent performance of traditional materials in the working bandwidth and angular domain. As two-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces have the ability of multi-dimensional EM regulation and conform to EM equipments’ mainstream development trend in geometric properties, which have important application value for EM AR technologies. This paper systematically introduces the research progress of metasurface EM AR technologies, first briefly reviews the typical traditional EM AR technologies, then mainly introduces the mechanism, design ideas and specific design architecture of metasurface EM AR technologies, and analyzes the characteristics of various EM AR metasurfaces, and finally summarizes and prospects the key problems and development trends in the field of EM AR technologies.