Resonant acoustic metamaterials have excellent sound absorption capabilities and show great potential for applications in aerospace, shipbuilding, and other fields. However, their low-frequency broadband sound absorption capabilities still need to be improved. To improve the synergistic sound absorption effect of low-frequency and broadband acoustic metamaterials, a Voronoi based random controllable acoustic metamaterial is proposed. The influence of the number and distribution of control points based on Voronoi segmentation method on the sound absorption performance of metamaterials was studied, and the robustness of controllable random structure sound absorption performance was analyzed. Multiple sets of test samples were prepared through additive manufacturing and impedance tube tests were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the simulation results. When the number of Voronoi control points is 20 and the number of scattered seeds is 26, the acoustic metamaterial exhibits a wide frequency absorption effect with multiple absorption peaks within 350–648 Hz, with an average absorption coefficient of 0.843. The thickness of this structure is 35 mm, which is only about 1/38 of the 350 Hz wavelength, providing a new idea for solving the problem of low-frequency noise control.