High performance energy absorbing materials are urgently needed in the aerospace field. However, traditional energy-absorbing materials rely on plastic deformation and have the disadvantage of low reuse rate. In order to solve the above problems, this paper analyzes and studies the typical bistable metamaterial with strong reusable properties. Three types of mechanical metamaterial, namely sinusoidal beam element, articulated shell element and petal paper-cut element, are selected as the research objects, and parametric scanning method is adopted. The relationship of bistable characteristics, energy absorption characteristics and geometric parameters of metamaterial element is obtained by finite element simulation software. Three kinds of metamaterial units were prepared by additive manufacturing technology, and the simulation results were verified by mechanical compression tests. It provides a basis for the application of mechanical energy absorption in precision instruments and personnel protection.