This study focuses on the residual stress caused by local melting and solidification of metal powder in the laser powder bed melting forming process. The residual stress and deformation of the macroscale structure of TiB₂/AlSi10Mg composite were predicted by multi-scale numerical simulation method. The influence of laser power, scanningspeed, and scanning direction on the residual stress and deformation of the structure was investigated. The multi-scale numerical results are in good agreement with those of the experimental measurements. An increase in laser power results in a proportional increase in the dimensions and temperature of the melt pool, as well as the equivalent inherent strain of the material and residual deformation of the structure. An increase in the laser scanning speed results in a reduction in the duration of the molten pool, a decrease in the equivalent inherent strain of the material and residual deformation of the structure. The laser scanning strategy exerts a significant influence on the deformation mode of the structure, primarily through its influence on the stress distribution. When the rotation angles between successive layers is 0°, the inherent strain of the material along the scanning direction is higher than that perpendicular to the scanning direction. Therefore, the rotation deformation of the bridge structure is maximum when all the laser scanning vectors are in the longitudinal direction and minimum when they are in the transverse direction. When the rotation angles between successive layers are 45°, 67°, and 90°, the anisotropy of the inherent strain of the material is comparatively reduced. Their residual deformations
differences of the bridge structure are not significant, and the rotation deformation values are intermediate.