Accurate temperature monitoring in thermal barrier coatings on turbine blades is of paramount importance for the design and development of aero-engines and gas turbines. Recently, a new on-line temperature measurement technology using thermal barrier sensor coatings and a new off-line temperature measurement technology using thermal history sensor coatings based on temperature-dependent phosphorescence properties of thermographic phosphors are both developed rapidly. The former obtains the real-time temperature by on-line measuring the phosphorescent signal, and the later obtains the exposure temperature by off-line measuring the irreversible changes in the phosphorescence properties after operation. Both of these technologies are suitable for non-interference, non-contact, high-precision temperature measurement of thermal barrier coatings under high temperature and high corrosion environments, and have broad application prospects. According to the introduction of the principles and methods of on-line/off-line temperature measurement in thermal barrier coatings, thermal barrier sensor and thermal history sensor materials and preparation, their applications in aero-engines and gas turbines, the research status and technical characteristics of on-line/off-line temperature measurement technology of thermal barrier coatings are described in detail. Finally, the development of the two technologies is also prospected.