Abstract:State perception, real-time analysis, independent decision-making and precise execution are the characteristics of aeronautical intelligent manufacturing. This paper summarizes many factors that affect the positioning accuracy of assembly unit. Combined with the development of perceptual technology, the perceptible factors and acquisition methods of component assembly unit are analyzed in depth, and the key elements of perceptible component assembly unit are determined: assembly site temperature, load on positioner, positioner displacement, product position and orientation. Combined with the aircraft wing assembly unit, the perceptual information acquisition method is designed. Through the fuzzy optimization method, the model of sensor model optimization is constructed, and the sensor selection of component assembly unit is completed. Through the method of sensor measurement deviation averaging, a multi type and multi quantity sensor layout model is constructed, the number and location of sensors in the assembly unit of the component are determined, and the sensor layout design is completed. Based on the multi-sensor information fusion method, a multi-sensor information fusion model is designed to fuse the multi-source heterogeneous information, and through the construction of the state perception model, the visual expression of the assembly unit positioning state is realized.